How is couch grass dispersed

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Integration of glyphosate and quizalofop with tillage for quackgrass Elytrigia repens management in continuous annual crop and legume plowdown rotations. Holm et al. It can be toxic to livestock and is a host of pathogens and pests. The precise management measures adopted for any plant invasion will depend upon factors such as the terrain, the cost and availability of labour, the severity of the infestation and the presence of other invasive species.

Some components of an integrated management approach are introduced below. The best form of invasive species management is prevention. If prevention is no longer possible, it is best to treat the weed infestations when they are small to prevent them from establishing early detection and rapid response. Controlling the weed before it seeds will reduce future problems. Control is generally best applied to the least infested areas before dense infestations are tackled.

Consistent follow-up work is required for sustainable management. Cover crops such as legumes are sometimes used to smother Cynodon dactylon as it does not tolerate deep shade. Traditional mechanical methods of control such as shallow hoeing are ineffective. But deep double ploughing to 60 cm can be effective. The effectiveness of chemical control seems to vary according to the clone biotype. Possibilities for biological control using fungal pathogens are being investigated.

Accordingly the Minister of Agriculture can compel land owners who have such declared noxious weeds growing on their land to eradicate or have it otherwise removed.

However, it is not declared in Uganda and Tanzania. Bogdan, A. London and New York. Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass.